Asien

Geografi: Aktuelle asiatiske stater i Asien:

Current Asian states:

• Afghanistan
• Armenien
• Aserbajdsjan
• Bahrain
• Bangladesh
• Bhutan
• Brunei Darussalam
• Cambodja
• Cypern
• Filippinerne
• De forenede arabiske Emirater
• Georgien
• Indien
• Indonesien
• Irak
• Iran
• Israel
• Japan
• Jordan
• Kasakhstan
• Kina og Tibet
• Kirgisistan
• Kuwait
• Laos
• Libanon
• Malaysia
• Maldiverne
• Mongoliet
• Myanmar eller Burma
• Nepal
• Nordkorea
• Oman
• Pakistan
• Palæstina
• Qatar
• Rusland
• Saudi Arabien
• Singapore
• Sri Lanka
• Sydkorea
• Syrien
• Tadsjikistan
• Taiwan
• Thailand
• Turkmenistan
• Tyrkiet
• Usbekistan
• Vietnam
• Yemen
• Østtimor

Kontinentet Asien kan underopdeles geografisk som Arabien, herunder Golfstaterne, Centralasien eller Mellemasien, Det nordlige asien, Oceanien, Sibirien, Det sydlige Asien, Sydvestasien, Sydøstasien, Vestasien og Østasien.

Centralasien består af Afghanistan, Den vestlige og vest-centrale del af Kina (provinserne Qinghai og Xinjiang) og Tibet, Den nordøstlige del af Iran, Den asiatiske del af Kasakhstan, Kirgisistan, Mongoliet, Dele af Pakistan og Indien, Det sydlige Sibirien, Tadsjikistan, Turkmenistan og Usbekistan

Det sydlige Asien består af: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Indien, Iran , Maldiverne, Nepal, Pakistan og Sri Lanka

The United Nations Statistics Division defines Western Asia as a geographic sub-region of Asia that encompasses Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World, 2010.
- http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1386/
U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1386, Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World, contains 11 chapters designated by the letters A through K. Chapter A provides a comprehensive, yet concise, review of the "State of the Earth's Cryosphere at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Glaciers, Global Snow Cover, Floating Ice, and Permafrost and Periglacial Environments," and a "Map/Poster of the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere," and a set of eight "Supplemental Cryosphere Notes" about the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere and the Earth System. The next 10 chapters, B through K, are arranged geographically and present glaciological information from Landsat and other sources of historic and modern data on each of the geographic areas. Chapter B covers Antarctica; Chapter C, Greenland; Chapter D, Iceland; Chapter E, Continental Europe (except for the European part of the former Soviet Union), including the Alps, the Pyrenees, Norway, Sweden, Svalbard (Norway), and Jan Mayen (Norway); Chapter F, Asia, including the European part of the former Soviet Union, China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan; Chapter G, Turkey, Iran, and Africa; Chapter H, Irian Jaya (Indonesia) and New Zealand; Chapter I, South America; Chapter J, North America (excluding Alaska); and Chapter K, Alaska. Chapters A–D each include map plates.

Geografihistoriske primærkilder og fremstillinger / Geography Historical primary sources and presentations / Géographie des sources historiques primaires:

Cornell University Library: Southeast Asia Visions eller The Visions collection, herunder The John M. Echols Collection on Southeast Asia som er' A comprehensive online collection of 335 Western travel accounts of Southeast Asia (1633-1923) from the holdings of the Echols Collection on Southeast Asia.' - http://dlxs.library.cornell.edu/s/sea/index.php .

Strabo's Geography Books 11-17.
- https://archive.org/details/StrabosGeographyBooks11-17
'Strabo's Geography, Books 11-17, translated by W. Falconer. Strabo, a native of Amasia in Pontus (Asia Minor), lived in the 1st century B.C. through the 1st century A.D. His Geography is one of the most precious sources for historical, economic, and anthropological information from antiquity. The books in this edition cover: 11. Eastern Asia Minor, the Armenian Highlands, Caucasus; 12. Parts of northen Asia Minor; 13. Northwestern Asia Minor and the island of Lesbos. Much mythological material; 14. Parts of Asia Minor, Ionia, Caria, the islands Samos, Chios, Rhodos, the countries Lycia, Pamphylia, and Cilicia, and the island Cyprus; 15. India and Persia; 16. Assyria, with Babylonia and Mesopotamia, Syria with Phoenicia and Palestine, the Persian Gulf, the Red Sea, and coastal Ethiopia, and Arabia; 17. Parts of Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, and Libya.'

Se også: Euasien ; Lilleasien ; Mesopotamien ; Sammenslutningen af Uafhængige Stater (SNG) ; Sibirien ; Tibet.

Turkestan består af Turkmenistan, Kasakhstan, Usbekistan, Kirgisistan og Xinjiang.
Traditionelt opdeles regionen i Vest- og Østturkestan. Turkestan, også kaldet Turan, Turkistan eller Türkistan; "tyrkernes land", er et landområde i Centralasien, som hovedsagelig er beboet af tyrkiske folkeslag: oghuz-tyrkere, kasakher, khazarer, kirgisere og uighurer.

Asien: Historie:

Oldtiden / Antiquity.
Palæontologi / Megafauna.
Stenalderen / Stone Age.
Astronomi kulturarv og arkæoastronomi.
Bronzealderen / Bronze Age.
Helleristninger / Petroglyph.
Jernalderen / Iron Age.

Astronomy and world heritage: Across time and continents. / : Mikhail Ya. Marov et al. Kazan Federal University, 2016.

Silkevejene / The Silk Roads.

'The Silk Road was a network of trade routes, formally established during the Han Dynasty of China, which linked the regions of the ancient world in commerce. As the Silk Road was not a single thoroughfare from east to west, the term 'Silk Routes’ has become increasingly favored by historians, though 'Silk Road’ is the more common and recognized name. Both terms for this network of roads were coined by the German geographer and traveler, Ferdinand von Richthofen, in 1877 CE, who designated them 'Seidenstrasse’ (silk road) or 'Seidenstrassen’ (silk routes). The network was used regularly from 130 BCE, when the Han officially opened trade with the west, to 1453 CE, when the Ottoman Empire boycotted trade with the west and closed the routes.'
- http://www.ancient.eu/Silk_Road/

Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. / : Christopher I. Beckwith.
Princeton University Press, 2009.
https://archive.org/details/EmpieresOfTheSilkRoad

National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books
- http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/index.html.en
- http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/toyobunko-e/index.php
Digital Silk Road Project
- http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/index.html.en

The silk road Journal 2008-2009.
- https://archive.org/details/TheSilkRoadJournal

UNESCO: History of Civilizations of Central Asia I-VI.
- http://www.unesco.org/culture/asia/index-en.html
- http://www.unesco.org/culture/asia/html_eng/volumes.htm
Volume I: The Dawn of Civilization: Earliest Times to 700 B.C., eds. A. H. Dani and V. M. Masson (Paris, 1992).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000944/094466e.pdf
Volume 1 of this UNESCO multi-volume series traces the history of man in this vast region from the Palaeolithic beginnings to circa 700 BC, when the foundations of the Achaemenian Empire were laid. The earliest history of man is evidenced and the food producing areas of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and the Indus Valley explored. The Bronze Age and the first signs of urbanization from the Indus to the Oxus are described as is the development of the nomadic pastoral tribes, such as the Aryans, whose history can be seen in proper perspective through archaeological evidence now available
Volume II: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations: 700 B.C. to A.D. 250, ed. János Harmatta, co-eds. B. N. Puri and G. F. Etemadi (Paris, 1994).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001057/105703eo.pdf
Volume III: The Crossroads of Civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750, ed. B. A. Litvinsky, coeds. Zhang Guang-da and R. Shabani Samghabadi (Paris, 1996).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001046/104612e.pdf
Volume IV: The Age of Achievement: A.D. 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, 2 vols., eds. M. S. Asimov and C. E. Bosworth (Part One, Paris, 1998; Part Two, Paris, 2000).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001116/111664eo.pdf
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001204/120455e.pdf Charles C. Kolb. Review of Asimov, M. S.; Bosworth, C. E., eds., History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Part One: The Historical, Social and Economic Setting. H-Asia, H-Net Reviews. October, 1998.
- http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=2448
Volume V: Development in Contrast: From the Sixteenth to the Mid-Nineteenth Century, eds. Chahryar Adle and Irfan Habib, co-ed. Karl M. Baipakov (Paris, 2003).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001302/130205e.pdf
Volume VI: Towards the Contemporary Period: From the Mid-Nineteenth to the End of the Twentieth Century, co-eds. Madhavan K. Palat and Anara Tabyshalieva (Paris, 2005).
- http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001412/141275e.pdf

The lands of the eastern caliphate : Mesopotamia, Persia and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur. / : Guy Le Strange. - Cambridge : University Press, 1905.
- https://archive.org/details/landsofeasternca00lest

Deltagelse i konflikter, militærkup og i krige

Kultur:

Biblioteksvæsen / Libraries. Bogvæsen / Books:

Classified catalogue of books, pamphlets, maps, views, etc. relating to Asia.
- https://archive.org/details/classifiedcatalo00franrich

Aviser / Newspapers / journaux / Prensa / Tageszeitungen

Tidsskrifter, periodica / Journals, periodicals / Revues spécialisées, périodiques / Revistas, publicaciones periódicas / Zeitschriften, Periodika

Kunst / Art

Helleristninger / petroglyph.

Litteratur:

Film / Movies / cinéma / Cine / Filme:

Filmhistorie:

Filmcensur:

Undervisning i film:

Producentselskaber:

Filmografier:

Tekst:

Musik:

Teater:

Politik:

International organisering

The Andaman Association.

Fredsbevægelser: / Peace movements / les mouvements pacifistes / movimientos por la paz / Friedensbewegungen

Sociale bevægelser, herunder miljøorganisationer:

Religion

Sociale forhold: Officiel homofobi.

Uddannelse

Universiteter

Økonomi:

BNP - FN data, landbrug, fiskeri, industri.

Naturresourcer og energi / Natural resources:

Erhverv, handel og industri:

Asiens våbenhandel

Våbenfabrikker, våbenhandel og våbentransporter / Weapon Factories, arms trade and -transport / Fábricas de armas, comércio de armas e-transporte:

Litteratur

CRS: Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2007-2014. / : Catherine A. Theohary, 2015.

Asia and the Middle East lead rising trend in arms imports, US exports grow significantly, says SIPRI
(Stockholm, 12 March 2018) Continuing the upward trend that began in the early 2000s, the volume of international transfers of major weapons in 2013-17 was 10 per cent higher than in 2008-12, according to new data on arms transfers published today by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) at www.sipri.org.
The flow of arms increased to Asia and Oceania and the Middle East between 2008–12 and 2013–17, while there was a decrease in the flow to Africa, the Americas and Europe. The five biggest exporters—the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China—together accounted for 74 per cent of all arms exports in 2013–17.