Østtyskland, DDR
/ Deutsche Demokratische Republik
/ German Democratic Republic or GDR

Geografi ; natur ; demografi ; historie ; kultur ; kunst ; film ; musik ; politik ; politiske partier ; forsvar ; fredsbevægelser ; religion ; sociale forhold ; uddannelse ; økonomi og våbenhandel.
Geography, nature and climate, demographics, history, wars, culture, film, music, politics, defense, peace movements, religion, social issues, education, economy and arms trade.
Geografie, Natur, Bevölkerung, Geschichte, Kultur, Politik, Verteidigung, Friedensbewegungen, Religion, Soziales, Bildung, Wirtschaft.
Géographie, la nature, la démographie, l'histoire, la culture, la politique, de la défense, mouvements pour la paix, la religion, les questions sociales, éducation, économie.
Geografía, naturaleza, demografía, historia, cultura, política, defensa, movimientos por la paz, la religión, las cuestiones sociales, la educación, la economía
Geografi: ☭ Østtyskland er en historisk europæisk republik 1949-1990 med grænser til Polen, Vesttyskland og med kystlinje til Østersøen.
Natur:
Natur, klima. Biodiversitet. Fauna og flora: Fisk. Fugle. Koralrev. Vådområder.
Nature, climate. Flora and fauna: Botanical gardens. Fish. Birds. Coral reefs. Wetlands
Flore et faune: Poissons. Oiseaux. Les récifs coralliens. Les zones humides.
Flora y fauna: Fish. Pájaros. Los arrecifes de coral. Los humedales.
Natur, Klima. Flora und Fauna: Botanische Gärten. Fisch. Vögeln. Korallenriffe. Feuchtgebiet, Feuchtbiotop.
International Network of Basin Organizations / Det internationale netværk af flodbassin organisationer.
- http://www.inbo-news.org/spip.php?sommaire⟨=en:
Geologi og jordbundsforhold: Bjerge, vulkaner, jordskælv og ørkenområder:
Geology: Mountains, volcanoes, earthquakes and desert areas
Géologie: Montagnes, volcans, tremblements de terre et les zones désertiques
Geología: Montañas, volcanes, terremotos y zonas desérticas
Geologie: Berge, Vulkane, Erdbeben und Wüstengebiete
World Database on Protected Areas: Beskyttede områder og nationalparker.
Tekst.
Østtysklands demografi:
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011.
: Berlinmuren
Østtysklands historie: Oldtiden / Antiquity. Se tysk historie.
Yalta-konferencen under anden verdenskrig.
Østtyskland var medlem af Warshawapagten under den kolde krig. Folkeopstanden 17. juni 1953.
Østtyskland var et af flere mål for amerikanske brintbomber under den tidlige del af den kolde krig, dokumenterer det amerikanske nationale sikkerhedsarkiv i julen 2015.
U.S. Cold War Nuclear Target Lists Declassified for First Time.
National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 538. / : Edited by William Burr
Washington, D.C., December 22, 2015.
Østtysklands deltagelse i krige: Østtyskland deltog ikke i nogen krige.
Østtysklands kultur:
Massemedier:
Tekst:
Radio:
Radio Berlin International
- https://archive.org/details/RadioBerlinInternational9.730MHz02October19900045UTC
'Recording of the penultimate English broadcast from Radio Berlin International (RBI) and the last broadcast in the particular time slot. It was also the last broadcast of the popular DX program DX-tra. RBI ceased broadcasting at the end of the day on 2 October 1990, the day before German reunification took place. In addition to the final episode of DX-tra, the recording features the news (in progress as the recording starts a minute or two after 00:45), Commentary, RBI Press Review, and Spotlight on Sport. There are several "goodbye" songs including "The Final Countdown" by the Swedish hard rock band Europe, and "Goodbye Blue Sky" by Pink Floyd and some announcer goodbye comments like "the voice of the disappearing German Democratic Republic," "that was it," and "the last day of the good old GDR." The 45-minute recording ends with the familiar RBI interval signal and, at 01:30 UTC, the first part of the German-language transmission, also the last in its time slot. '
TV
Biblioteksvæsen / Libraries. Bogvæsen / Books:
The German Speaking Countries of Europe: A Selective Bibliography.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., 1989.
- https://archive.org/details/ERIC_ED315374
'This bibliography was compiled to provide researchers and students with a current guide to sources on the German-speaking countries of Europe: Austria, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland. The following subject areas are included under each country: (1) bibliographies and reference works; (2) description and travel; (3) economy; (4) education; (5) history; (6) intellectual and cultural life; (7) literature; (8) military policy; (9) politics and government; (10) religion; and (11) society. The bibliography emphasizes publications from the 1980s and relies on 1970s publications only when no more recent title on the same subject is available. It also focuses on the broad nature of the material's appeal within its subject area, and its availability to the reading public. All items cited can be found in the collections of the Library of Congress. Preference has been given to English-language sources. Special attention has been given to the interaction between these countries and the United States. The sources selected attempt to highlight the uniqueness of the relationsihp of each country with the United States. A total of 1,485 items are listed, with full bibliographic data.'
Aviser / Newspapers / journaux / Prensa / Tageszeitungen
Tidsskrifter, periodica / Journals, periodicals / Revues spécialisées, périodiques / Revistas, publicaciones periódicas / Zeitschriften, Periodika
Litteratur: Bertolt Brecht.
Kunst / Art
The Wende Museum : The East German Handbook. / : Justinian Jampol, Taschen, 2017.
Film / Movies / cinéma / Cine / Filme:
Filmhistorie:
Filmcensur:
Undervisning i film:
Producentselskaber:
Filmografier:
Tekst:
Musik:
Musikhistorie ; Aktuelle og historiske musikorganisationer ; Pladeselskaber ; Komponister ; Musikgrupper - og solister ; Country & Western ; Folkemusik ; Jazz ; Klassisk musik ; Opera ; Pop ; Rock ; Arkiver ; Litteratur
Music history; Current and historical music organizations; Record companies; Composers; Music groups - and soloists; Country & Western; Folk music; Jazz; Classical music; Opera; Pop; Rock; Archives; Literature
Histoire de la musique; Organisations actuelles et historiques musique; Les maisons de disques; compositeurs; Des groupes de musique - et solistes; La musique folklorique; Jazz; Musique classique; Opera; Pop; Rocher; Archives; littérature
Historia de la música; Organizaciones actuales e históricos de la música; Las compañías discográficas; Compositores; Grupos de música - y solistas; Música folclórica; Jazz; Música clásica; Opera; Pop; Roca; Archivos; literatura
Musikgeschichte; Aktuelle und historische Musikorganisationen; Plattenfirmen; Komponisten; Musikgruppen - und Solisten; Country & Western; Volksmusik; Jazz; Klassische Musik; Opera; Pop; Rock; Archiv; Literatur
Musikundervisning og pædagogik / Music Education and Pedagogy:
Musikhistorie
Aktuelle og historiske musikorganisationer
Komponister
Hanns Eisler
Paul Dessau, 1894-1979, komponist og dirigent:
Pladeselskaber:
Amiga 1947-1990.
- http://www.discogs.com/label/6621-AMIGA
Eterna 1947-?
- http://www.discogs.com/label/47734-VEB-Gotha-Druck
Lied Der Zeit Schallplatten GmbH 1946-1953
- http://www.discogs.com/label/380498-Lied-Der-Zeit-GmbH
Litera. Founded as sublabel of Deutsche Schallplatten Berlin in the GDR for spoken word and related releases.
- http://www.discogs.com/label/38596-VEB-Gotha-Druck
VEB Lied Der Zeit 1953-1956
- http://www.discogs.com/label/309361-VEB-Lied-Der-Zeit
VEB Deutsche Schallplatten Berlin
- http://www.discogs.com/label/219433-VEB-Deutsche-Schallplatten-Berlin
Musikgrupper - og solister
Berliner Ensemble
Ernst Busch 1900-1980, German actor and singer and prominent figure of the international communist movement. Known for his interpretations of Kurt Weill's and Hanns Eisler's compositions and Kurt Tucholsky's and Bertolt Brecht's songs. Also founder of Lied Der Zeit GmbH (1946), the predecessor of Deutsche Schallplatten Berlin.
- http://www.discogs.com/artist/454979-Ernst-Busch
Hannes Kästner. Se: Klassisk musik.
Nina Hagen
Gisela May 1924-., sanger og skuespiller
- http://www.discogs.com/artist/405361-Gisela-May
- http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisela_May
Lotte Lenya
Oktoberklub
Des Tanzorchesters Des "Sender Freies Berlin"
- https://www.discogs.com/artist/367948-SFB-Tanzorchester
Country & Western
Tekst:
Folkemusik, spillemandsmusik og -viser.
Zupfgeigenhansel
https://www.discogs.com/artist/646067-Zupfgeigenhansel
Musikeksempler: Volkslieder 2 Pläne S 19 F 902 1977
Oktoberklub. The Oktoberklub was a political activist's song group in the GDR from 1966 to 1990.
- http://www.discogs.com/artist/971686-Oktoberklub
Musikeksempler
Jazz
Klassisk musik
Berliner Ensemble 1949-.
- http://www.discogs.com/artist/589881-Berliner-Ensemble
Hannes Kästner 1929-1993, organist
- https://www.discogs.com/artist/837551-Hannes-K%C3%A4stner
Musikeksempler: Präludium und Fuge Es-dur, BWV 552 ; Passacaglia c-moll, BWV 582
Johann Sebastian Bach; Hannes Kästner an der Silbermannorgeln zu Rötha
VEB Deutsche Schallplatten ; Eterna ST 33 1961
Opera
Pop
Rock
Nina Hagen
Teater: Theater am Schiffbauerdamm og Berliner Ensemble.
Østtysklands politik: Kommunistisk etpartisystem ledet af Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands / Tysklands socialistiske enhedsparti, 1946-.
Forfatning, grundlov / constitution / Verfassung: 1949.
International organisering
Østtyskland var medlem af FN fra september 1973.
Regering:
Parlament
Forsvar / militær: Værnepligt: Baueinheiten.
Efterretningstjenester: Stasi.
Paramilitære styrker:
Østtysklands fredsbevægelser: / Peace movements / les mouvements pacifistes / movimientos por la paz / Friedensbewegungen
Sociale bevægelser, herunder miljøorganisationer:
Religion: Basisgruppe Kirche von Unten.
Sociale forhold:
Uddannelse:
Universiteter
Økonomi: Den Internationale Bank for Genopbygning og Udvikling, Verdensbanken /
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: Country at a Glance, 2011.
- http://go.worldbank.org/YB2ATM3HY0
Krgisskadeerstatninger til Sovjetunionen efter anden verdenskrig. Planøkonomi.
BNP, landbrug, fiskeri, Industri.
Naturresourcer:
Østtysklands våbenfabrikker, våbenhandel og våbentransporter
Import af våben, ifølge SIPRIs Arms Transfers Database, fra
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