Litteratur |
Garden & Landscape Heritage: A Crisis of Tangible &
Intangible Comprehension and Curatorship. / : David Jones.
Asian Studies Association of Australia : 18th Biennial Conference
2010. -
http://asaa.asn.au/ASAA2010/reviewed_papers/Jones-David.pdf
'The cultural landscape of George Town, Penang, Malaysia, embraces
the historic enclave of George Town as well as a range of other
significant colonial vestiges adjacent to the
entrépôt. Many of these landscapes cannot be isolated
from the énclave as they are integral to and part of its
cultural mosaic and character. Perhaps the most important are the
Penang Hill hill-station landscape and the 'Waterfall‘
Botanic Gardens. The latter is an under-valued 'garden of the
empire‘—a garden that significantly underpinned the
development and historical and botanical stature of the Singapore
Botanic Gardens.
This paper reviews the cultural significance of colonial botanic
gardens as they were established around the world during the
scientific explosion of the late 1800s. It addresses their position
within World Heritage listings, and considers the role,
significance and importance of the "Waterfall‘ Botanic
Gardens within this context, within the concept of 'cultural
landscapes', and critiques its absence from the recent World
Heritage Listing of the colonial enclaves of Georgetown and Meleka
in Malaysia.'
WHC Nomination Documentation Orto Botanico, Padova,
1997.
- http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/824
'The world's first university botanical garden was created in Padua
in 1545, which makes the Botanical Garden of Padua the oldest
surviving example of this type of cultural property. Botanical
gardens have played a vital role throughout history in the
communication and exchange not only of ideas and concepts but also
of plants and knowledge. The Botanical Garden of Padua is the
original of botanical gardens in Europe, and represents the birth
of botanical science, of scientific exchanges, and understanding of
the relationship between nature and culture.'
Singapore Botanic Gardens Candidate World Heritage Site:
Nomination Dossier, 2014.
- http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1483
World Heritage Nomination Document: Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew. / : Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Historic Royal Palaces,
2003.
London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, southwest Greater
London.
- http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/nominations/1084.pdf
'This historic landscape garden features elements that illustrate
significant periods of the art of gardens from the 18th to the 20th
centuries. The gardens house botanic collections (conserved plants,
living plants and documents) that have been considerably enriched
through the centuries. Since their creation in 1759, the gardens
have made a significant and uninterrupted contribution to the study
of plant diversity and economic botany.'