- Latin: Adgretitor; Overfald eller nærme sig, gå hen
til. I normal sprogbrug overfald, angreb, fredsbrud. I
international politik en stats
eller en alliances anvendelse af
væbnede styrker imod en andens suverænitet,
territoriale integritet eller politiske uafhængighed af en
anden stat, eksempelvis Japans krig mod Kina om Manchuriet 1931, NATOs angreb
på Serbien i 1999 og USAs krig mod Irak 2003.
I psykologi er aggression udtryk for det emotionelle motiv, hvis
grundfølelse er vrede.
I mellemkrigsårene var der
stor uenighed mellem stormagterne om, hvordan man skulle definere
agresssion. Efter anden verdenskrig defineres
angrebskrig ved Nürnbergprocessen som en forbrydelse, hvor
aggresorens erobringer ikke anerkendes. Retten fandt, at den
højtidelige erklæring om frasigelse af krig som middel
for statspolitik i
Briand-Kellogg-traktaten medfører, at en sådan
krig er ulovlig ifølge international lov og ret.
Definition of "Aggression" Suggested by American Delegation to
International Conference on Military Trials : London, 1945
An aggressor, for the purposes of this Article, is that state which
is the first to commit any of the following actions:
(1) Declaration of war upon another state;
(2) Invasion by its armed forces, with or without a declaration of
war, of the territory of another state;
(3) Attack by its land, naval, or air forces, with or without a
declaration of war, on the territory, vessels, or aircraft of
another state;
(4) Naval blockade of the coasts or ports of another state;
(5) Provision of support to armed bands formed in its territory
which have invaded the territory of another state, or refusal,
notwithstanding the request of the invaded state, to take in its
own territory, all the measures in its power to deprive those bands
of all assistance or protection.
No political, military, economic or other considerations shall
serve as an excuse or justification for such actions; but exercise
of the right of legitimate self-defense, that is to say, resistance
to an act of aggression, or action to assist a state which has been
subjected to aggression, shall not constitute a war of
aggression.
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/imt/jackson/jack36.htm
FN-resolution med definition af aggression vedtaget i 1974.
- Se også: Intervention.
Send
kommentar, email
eller søg i Fredsakademiet.dk