Det danske Fredsakademi
Kronologi over fredssagen og international politik 22.
september 2010 / Timeline September 22, 2010
Version 3.5
21. September 2010, 23. September 2010
09/22/2010
National Security Archive Update, September 22, 2010
THE IRAQ WAR -- PART I: The U.S. Prepares for Conflict,
2001
U.S. Sets "Decapitation of Government" As Early Goal of Combat
Talking Points for Rumsfeld-Franks Meeting in November 2001 Outline
Policy Makers' Aims for the Conflict and Postwar Rule of Iraq
Declassified Documents Show Bush Administration Diverting Attention
and Resources to Iraq Less than Two Months after Launch of
Afghanistan War Washington, DC, September 22, 2010 - Following
instructions from President George W. Bush to develop an updated
war plan for Iraq, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld ordered
CENTCOM Commander Gen. Tommy Franks in November 2001 to initiate
planning for the "decapitation" of the Iraqi government and the
empowerment of a "Provisional Government" to take its place.
Talking points for the Rumsfeld-Franks meeting on November 27,
2001, released through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA),
confirm that policy makers were already looking for ways to justify
invading Iraq - as indicated by Rumsfeld's first point, "Focus on
WMD."
This document shows that Pentagon policy makers cited early U.S.
experience in Afghanistan to justify planning for Iraq's
post-invasion governance in order to achieve their strategic
objectives: "Unlike in Afghanistan, important to have ideas in
advance about who would rule afterwards."
Rumsfeld's notes were prepared in close consultation with senior
DOD officials Paul Wolfowitz and Douglas Feith. Among other
insights, the materials posted today by the National Security
Archive shed light on the intense focus on Iraq by high-level Bush
administration officials long before the attacks of 9/11, and
Washington's confidence in perception management as a successful
strategy for overcoming public and allied resistance to its
plans.
This compilation further shows:
* The preliminary strategy Rumsfeld imparted to Franks while
directing him to develop a new war plan for Iraq
* Secretary of State Powell's awareness, three days into a new
administration, that Iraq "regime change" would be a principal
focus of the Bush presidency
* Administration determination to exploit the perceived propaganda
value of intercepted aluminum tubes - falsely identified as nuclear
related - before completion of even a preliminary determination of
their end use
* The difficulty of winning European support for attacking Iraq
(except that of British Prime Minister Tony Blair) without real
evidence that Baghdad was implicated in 9/11
* The State Department's analytical unit observing that a decision
by Tony Blair to join a U.S. war on Iraq "could bring a
radicalization of British Muslims, the great majority of whom
opposed the September 11 attacks but are increasingly restive about
what they see as an anti-Islamic campaign"
* Pentagon interest in the perception of an Iraq invasion as a
"just war" and State Department insights into the improbability of
that outcome
Rumsfeld's instructions to Franks included the establishment and
funding of a provisional government as a significant element of
U.S. invasion strategy. In the end the Pentagon changed course and
instead ruled post-invasion Iraq directly, first through the
short-lived Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance
and then through Paul Bremer and the Coalition Provisional
Authority.
Today's posting is the first of a three-part series of electronic
briefing books detailing the run-up to Operation Iraqi Freedom.
This edition covers the critical first year of George W. Bush's
presidency. The following two - featuring newly available British
government documents - will treat the question of whether the Bush
administration ever seriously considered alternative strategies for
Iraq and how the U.S. and Great Britain attempted to sell the war
strategy to the world.
In addition to an analytical essay and the documents, today's EBB
includes two research aids - a detailed timeline and an
illuminating collection of quotations from key individuals and
government documents.
09/22/2010
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