Det danske Fredsakademi
Kronologi over fredssagen og international politik 2. maj 2005 / Time Line May 2, 2005
Version 3.005/02/2005
OECD møde 2-3 maj i Paris
Åbent for alle.
-
http://www.oecd.org/site/0,2865,en_21571361_34225293_1_1_1_1_1,00.html
05/02/2005
Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty 2005 NPT Review Conference
New York, 2 - 27 May 2005
BASIC Oxford Research Group
In May 2005, the States Parties to the nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty (NPT) will meet in New York to review implementation and
compliance with the Treaty, and to identify further areas for
progress. The combined effects of a paradigm shift in US
non-proliferation policy away from reliance on multilateral
instruments, a weakening of political will by the nuclear
weapon-states to pursue non-proliferation and disarmament goals,
and serious doubts about the NPT's efficacy to enforce compliance
among States Parties, have threatened the future of the Treaty.
Breakthrough or Bust in 2005?
Breakthrough or Bust in 2005? is an Overview, which introduces a
series of concise, issue-based briefings that will be published by
BASIC and the Oxford Research Group in the run up to the 2005
Review Conference. The briefings will provide concrete, achievable
recommendations to strengthen the non-proliferation, compliance and
disarmament functions of the NPT. Sign-on for the briefing series
with Nigel Chamberlain.
http://www.basicint.org/npt/index.htm
Nigel Chamberlain
Analyst and Press Officer
British American Security Information Council
The Grayston Centre
28 Charles Square
London N1 6HT
Tel: +44 (0)20 7324 4684
Fax: +44 (0)20 7324 4681
E-mail: nchamberlain@basicint.org
Litteratur: Nedrustning er gammeldags! : Referat af
møde i UM's kontor for sikkerhedspolitik. / Anton
Aggernæs ; Povl Revsbech. I: Informationsblad - Danske
Læger mod Kernevåben, 2005:100 s. 6.
Leder: Radioaktivitet i New York. I: Information,
05/03/2003.
Pugwash Conferences on Science
and World Affairs: A critical moment for the Non Proliferation
regime.
Snikende tiger, skjult drage : Ikke-spredning i en ny tid. /
Sverre Lodgaard ; Helene Revhaug. I: Internasjonal politikk,
63 [1] 2005: 35-58.
32 Nobels Appeal on
Nuclear Weapons Operating Status.
Wittner, Lawrence S.: Does
the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Have a Future?
Wittner, Lawrence
S.: George Bush's Addiction to Nuclear Weapons.
05/02/2005
Draft U.S. paper allows commanders to seek preemptive
nuke strikes
US Doctrine for Joint Nuclear Operations
http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article8718.htm
By Kyodo
05/01/05 "Kyodo News" - - The U.S. military plans to allow regional
combatant commanders to request the president for approval to carry
out preemptive nuclear strikes against possible attacks on the
United States or its allies with weapons of mass destruction,
according to a draft new nuclear operations paper.
The paper, drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the U.S. Armed
Forces, also revealed that submarines which make port calls in
Yokosuka, Sasebo and Okinawa in Japan are prepared for reloading
nuclear warheads if necessary to deal with a crisis.
The March 15 draft paper, a copy of which was made available, is
titled "Doctrine for Joint Nuclear Operations" providing
"guidelines for the joint employment of forces in nuclear
operations...for the employment of U.S. nuclear forces, command and
control relationships, and weapons effect considerations."
"There are numerous nonstate organizations (terrorist, criminal)
and about 30 nations with WMD programs, including many regional
states," the paper says in allowing combatant commanders in the
Pacific and other theaters to maintain an option of preemptive
strikes against "rogue" states and terrorists and "request
presidential approval for use of nuclear weapons" under set
conditions.
The paper identifies nuclear, biological and chemical weapons as
requiring preemptive strikes to prevent their use.
05/02/2005
U.S. Strategic Command Transforming, Decentralizing
By Jim Garamone
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, May 2, 2005 - Along with the rest of the military, the
U.S. Strategic Command has been transforming. The transformation
has incorporated old missions, added new ones and worked to make
the command more flexible and agile for the 21st century.
STRATCOM, as it is called, has its headquarters at Offutt Air Force
Base in Omaha, Neb. The command maintains the U.S. nuclear
deterrent. But since changes in the unified command plan in 2002,
it has gained a number of new missions.
These new missions called for the command to make fundamental
changes in the way it has conducted business, said Army Maj. Gen.
Kevin Campbell, the command's chief of staff.
In 2002, the command received four additional missions: missile
defense; global strike; information operations; and intelligence,
surveillance and reconnaissance. The command retained, of course,
the nuclear-deterrence mission. Officials added another mission -
combating weapons of mass destruction - last year.
"Those missions, by and large, were about planning, coordinating
and integrating," Campbell said. "Execution is when directed -
especially for global strike."
Since Pentagon leaders announced the changes in 2002, command
officials have been doing the legwork on "developing the concepts
for how we thought we would do these missions," Campbell said.
One aspect was to develop a new entity in the command - joint-force
component commands. These commands are a new construct and
direction for STRATCOM, Campbell said. The nuclear mission will
remain at the headquarters, but the component commands have
migrated.
Campbell said the command has worked out a concept of operations
that cuts across the command and has included input from the other
combatant commands. "We're not at goal, yet but we have about a 60
percent (solution)," he said. The general said there is consensus
on "how we do these missions, internally to STRATCOM and externally
with the other combatant commanders."
Campbell said the command has established four joint-force
component commands to take on missile defense; space and global
strike; network warfare; and intelligence, surveillance and
reconnaissance.
The component commander for integrated missile defense is Army Lt.
Gen. Larry J. Dodgen, who also commands Army Space and Missile
Defense Command, Colorado Springs, Colo.
The space and global strike component is commanded by Air Force Lt.
Gen. Bruce Carlson, 8th Air Force commander, at Barksdale Air Force
Base, La.
Air Force Lt. Gen. Michael V. Hayden, director of the National
Security Agency, commands the network warfare component. NSA is
based at Fort Meade, Md.
The component commander for intelligence, surveillance and
reconnaissance is Navy Vice Adm. Lowell E. Jacoby, director of the
Defense Intelligence Agency, headquartered at the Pentagon.
Campbell said it is important for people to remember that it "is
not the director of DIA or the director of NSA that is in command
of the JFCCs. These are separate and distinct hats that those gents
wear for us."
The command still is working on the combating weapons of mass
destruction mission and officials expect a decision sometime this
month, Campbell said.
And STRATCOM still is working with the various component commanders
in standing up the new organizations. Campbell said the parent
command is scrubbing the lists to give the component commands joint
billets. "The only source for the billets was Headquarters,
Strategic Command," he said. "We've gone through a series of boards
to identify requirements."
He said that in the end, the command's headquarters will be much
smaller than the more than 2,000 members of the staff now in Omaha.
And the reduction will force the command to think differently. The
nuclear mission, again, will remain unchanged and at the
headquarters. But the command does not have the personnel to do
that in the other areas, Campbell explained.
The general said this new organization also will force a cultural
change. "We were an organization like an automobile factory, in
that you placed raw materials in one end and out the other end pops
a car," he said. "We were used to that, be it plans or whatever.
The changing culture is you have to let go of one rope and grab on
to another," he said. "(There) may be a period where you don't have
your hands firmly on either of the ropes."
He said he believes taking the manpower positions out of the
headquarters forces the issue. "You have to decentralize," he
said.
Related Site:
U.S. Strategic Command [http://www.stratcom.mil/]
05/02/2005
CONTRACTS from the United States Department
of Defense
Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, and The Boeing Co., Saint Louis, Mo., is
being awarded a $60,000,000 indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity
contract to provide engineering and technical expertise to support
the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC).
Specifically, this effort will support NASIC in assessing current,
developmental, and projected air, space, electronic, and
electro-optical threat systems, subsystem, and technologies
information. The Air Force can issue delivery orders totaling up to
the maximum amount indicated above, although actual requirements
may necessitate less than the amount above. At this time, $100,000
of the funds has been obligated. This work will be complete by
April 2010. Solicitation began January 2005 and negotiations were
completed February 2005. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, is
the contracting activity (FA8633-05-D-2002, 2003).
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