FBI; US Federal Burau of Investigation

USAs forbundspoliti formelt grundlagt i 1909 som Bureau of Investigation. Deltager i USAs 'kamp mod terrorisme'. Overvåger bl.a. pacifistiske organisationer og enkeltpersoner i USA før, under og efter første verdenskrig og senere før, under og efter den kolde krig, eksempelvis FBI - Freedom of Information Act - Alphabetical Listing - udvalgte overvågede organisationer og enkeltpersoner: Jane Addams, American Civil Liberties Union, American Defence Society ; American Friends Service Committee; American Legion ; American Union against Militarism ; Judi Bari ; Clergy and Laity Concerned about Vietnam; Consumers League ; W. E. B. DuBois ; Albert Einstein ; Fellowship of Youth for Peace, Emma Goldman, International Labor Defence, Jefferson Airplane, Josephine Baker ; Martin Luther King Jr. ; Paul Robeson ; Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Brotherhood Workers of America, National Security League, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.
Gennem bl.a. operation COINTELPRO, startet i 1956, har FBI saboteret amerikanske borgerrettighedsorganissationer og politiske organisationer. Igennem, the Libraries Total Awareness Program, overvåger forbundspolitiet udlån fra amerikanske biblioteker. Desuden overvåges personer, der vil demonstrere ved republikanerens partikonvent august 2004, foruden kvækere, muslimer, dyreværnsaktivister og miljøaktivister.
Blandt politisk aktive FBI agetner kan nævnes: Matt Cvetic. FBI Seizes IMC Servers in the UK 2004.
Se også: ACLU ; Counterintilligence Field Activity ; the Dies Committee ; Digital Collection System Network ; HUAC ; The Innocence Project ; Lusk udvalget ; the Overman Committee ; NSA ; terrorisme ; Watergate.

Litteratur

Agents of Repression: The FBI's Secret Wars Against the Black Panther Party and the American Indian Movement. / : Ward Churchill, Jim Vander Wall,South End Press, 2002
Burcharth, Martin: Bush-styret udspionerer kritikere. I: Information, 12/23/2005.
CRS: The Federal Bureau of Investigation and Terrorism Investigations. / : Jerome P. Bjelopera, Specialist in Organized Crime and Terrorism. April 24, 2013. - 30 s.
The FBI and CISPEs Report of the Select Committee on Intelligence United States Senate together with additional views, july 1989. - Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989. - 143 pp.
FBI E-Mail Refers to Presidential Order Authorizing Inhumane Interrogation Techniques
FBI on Trail. Pathfinder, 1988.
FBI Records Cite Prisoner Claims of Quran Abuse
Declassified Documents Say Desecration Occurred In Early 2002
© 2005 The Associated Press and MSNBC.com
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7981839/
Gilbert, Ronnie: FBI investigation of Women in Black.
Jaffe, Susan: Spies against peace. I: New Statesman, 1983:2733 s. 17-18.
Josephine Baker FBI Files
- https://archive.org/details/JosephineBakerFBI
Juul Jensen, Jesper: FBI jager aktivister. I: Information, 08/17/2004.
Langvad, Jacob: En blød ørefigen til FBI : En hemmelig domstol i USA har anklaget FBI for i 75 tilfælde, at have snydt på vægten for at få tilladelse til aflytning af amerikanske borgere. I: Information, 08/24/2002.
Leder: Russersporet. I: Information, 10. juni 2017.
Leder: Snøren strammes om Trump. I: Information, 25. marts 2017.
Lindboe, Rasmus: Politiet klar til samarbejde med USA. I: Information, 02/19/2003.
National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States: The 9/11 Commission Report. 2004.
Schmidt, Regin: Red Scare: FBI and the Origins of Anticommunism in the United States.
- Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 2004. - 394 pp.
http://www.oapen.org/xtf/search?brand=oapen&identifier=342368;keyword=red 'The anticommunist crusade of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and its legendary director J. Edgar Hoover during the McCarthy era and the Cold War has attracted much attention from historians during the last decades, but little has been known about the Bureau's political activities during its formative years. This work breaks new ground by tracing the roots of the FBI's political surveillance to the involvement of the Bureau's predecessor, the Bureau of Investigation (BI), in the nation's first period of communist-hunting, the "Red Scare" after World War I. The book is based on the first systematic and comprehensive use of the early BI files from 1908 to 1922, which have only survived on difficult-to-read microfilms deposited in the National Archives, as well as numerous collections of personal papers.
The FBI's political surveillance was not a result of popular hysteria, such as scholars used to claim, or a rational response to communist spying and the Cold War confrontation, such as a number of historians have recently argued. Instead, it was an integrated part of the attempt by the modern federal state, rooted in the Progressive Era, to regulate and control any organized opposition to the political, economic and social order, such as organized labor, radical movements and African-American protest. The detailed reconstruction of the BI's role in the Red Scare during 1919 and 1920 shows that the federal intelligence officials played a crucial role in initiating the anticommunist hysteria in the United States. Despite its small staff, the BI was able to influence national events by exchanging information with a network of patriotic groups, assisting local authorities in drafting antiradical legislation and prosecuting radicals, and using congressional committees to spread its message. The Bureau also strove to discredit the strike wave and race riots of 1919 as the work of communists. The account also throws new light on such dramatic and controversial events as the Seattle General Strike, the Centralia Massacre, and the deportation of the famous anarchists Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman. The book shows how entrenched political surveillance had become by the early 1920's and how it continued until World War II and the Cold War.
Regin Schmidt, PhD, is a research fellow in the Department of History at the University of Copenhagen.
Selected for the Choice Outstanding Academic Books 2002.'
Schmidt, Regin: FBI og politisk intolerence i USA. I: 1066, 1995:3 s. 3-12.
Still Spying on Dissent: The Enduring Problem of FBI First Amendment Abuse : A Special Report. / : Chip Gibbons. Defending Rights & Dissent, 2019.
Wheeler, Tim: Jailed Black Panther calls for amnesty


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