CRS: Mass Murder with Firearms:
Incidents and Victims, 1999-2013. / : William J. Krouse ;
Daniel J. Richardson, 2015. 
'In the wake of tragedy in Newtown CT, Congress defined “mass
killings” as “3 or more killings in a single
incident” (P.L. 112-265). Any consideration of new or
existing gun laws that follows mass shootings is likely to generate
requests for comprehensive data on the prevalence and deadliness of
these incidents. Despite the pathos of mass shootings, only a
handful of researchers and journalists have analyzed the principal
source of homicide data in the United States—the
Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) compiled by the Federal Bureau
of Investigation (FBI)—to determine whether those incidents
have become more prevalent and deadly. According to the FBI, the
term “mass murder” has been defined generally as a
multiple homicide incident in which four or more victims are
murdered, within one event, and in one or more locations in close
geographical proximity. Based on this definition, for the purposes
of this report, “mass shooting” is defined as a
multiple homicide incident in which four or more victims are
murdered with firearms, within one event, and in one or more
locations in close proximity. Similarly, a “mass public
shooting” is defined to mean a multiple homicide incident in
which four or more victims are murdered with firearms, within one
event, in at least one or more public locations, such as, a
workplace, school, restaurant, house of worship, neighborhood, or
other public setting.'
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